Farewell to Polly!

After 7 years as facilitator of Equilibrium I am moving on in a few weeks. As a team we have managed to move Equilibrium from a 4 page newssheet to a longer paper based version and then (as now) to a limitless electronic space – corralled into online magazine format as well as being on our blog: www.equilriummag.blogspot.co.uk. We have embraced Twitter too and tried to broaden our readership.

What will I miss? Countless things – the chat, the winter sing-alongs (Mamma Mia Mamma Mia) with Marcia’s fab harmonies uh huh, the mice in St Ann’s, countless cakes (latest being a fab eggless confection with fruit and flakes – thanks Gavin!), picnics in the park and the Claralympics (qv), Marco Lanzarote, Nigel Prestatyn and Olive, Ant’s super skills in all things designy and his absolute faith in ‘organic management’, the ‘indoor sparkler event’, sitting on important chairs in the training room, chats about everything from vitamin D to the Ugandan royal family, Gavin’s total faith in our abilities, and the collective effort to try and make a 

difference.

I slope off now down the road in N8 and hand over to Kate – who I’m sure will bring Equi out of the digital shadows. I will continue to try and keep wellbeing on the map and keep up my obsession with trying to improve the lives of those with some form of distress. As recovery is more prevalent in the developing world than in the UK, and in lots of ways the ‘treatments’ on offer vary little from how they were 60 years ago (ECT, strong drugs etc), there’s so much room for change. I will still contribute and really look forward to each fresh issue of Equilibrium.

Hooked into Consumption - Meg Kelly

The idea that products from cakes to internet sites are increasingly designed to be as addictive as possible is both chilling and entirely unsurprising. After all, there seems to be no limit to how low multinationals will stoop to mould us into ideal consumers, cut off from anything (social bonds, knowledge of the conditions in which these items are produced, a capacity both to fully inhabit the present moment and to see beyond it) which might hinder an unbridled gobbling of so-called ‘goods and services’. Any effort to make the inhabitants of economically rich countries more aware of this is to be applauded, even if, as in this case, the attempt borders on the slapdash.

Image: www.helpforinternetaddictions.com

Thompson has some interesting points to make. His principal concern seems to be to highlight how many more people than we might imagine – in fact, almost anyone who

 regularly uses the internet – are ensnared in powerful patterns of addiction which can come to govern our daily lives. He convincingly argues, for example, that it is no coincidence that iphone users are forced into OCD-type behaviour in order to keep their mobiles charged and updated with the latest software, nor that sugary cupcakes trigger similar biochemical responses to heroin.

Unfortunately, Thompson’s writing style is at times irritatingly repetitive, as is his occasional tendency to make assertions rather than fully develop arguments backed up with evidence. To give one example, the statement that through our addictions to technology we are increasingly replacing people with things is repeatedly made, but not developed.  This is a pity.

Nevertheless, anyone reading this book may find themselves more aware – and wary -  of the ways in which we risk losing ourselves in a torrent of short-term desires, each demanding its own fix as soon as possible, or sooner. And this awareness might just result in our having more of a chance to pause before we reach for just one more piece of chocolate, or look at just one more website before we return to the non-virtual world. So it’s interesting how the insubstantial, slightly tantalising writing style of this book had me drawn hurriedly from one chapter to the next, barely leaving time for the arguments to be digested. After alll, publishers want us to consume, too.’

The Fix: How Addiction is Invading Our Lives and Taking Over Your World, Damian Thompson (Collins, 2012, £18.99 hardback)

Fruit for free: Urban Harvest Foraging Walk - Meg Kelly

On a sunny Saturday afternoon in September, I biked down to Ally Pally to join Urban Harvest’s annual Red Berry Walk. With blackberry season almost over, you might have thought there would be little to pick … unless (unlike me) you knew about hawthorns (native and exotic), sloe, crab apples, rosehips and quince!

Before this walk, I would have been hard pressed to identify all of  these, let alone know what to do  with them. But during the hour or so I spent strolling round the park with a large and friendly group of foragers,  I learnt enough to feel confident about foraging on my own afterwards. I learnt that whilst native hawthorn berries are small and mostly seed, their exotic cousins can be the size of small cherries – and many grow as ornamental street trees. Sloe (which, confusingly, is the fruit of the blackthorn) turned out to resemble tiny purple plums – though eating them raw is not recommended. They can be used to flavour vodka, or possibly salted like olives.

My favourite find was the crab apples. It was a triumphant moment when, a few weeks later, I found myself at the bottom of Muswell Hill and peckish. Should I pop into the newsagent’s and buy a chocolate bar? But hadn’t we found a crab apple tree round here during the foraging walk? I found the tree again, and its small sweet and sharp red fruit on their long stalks – free, and healthy -   kept me going until I arrived home for lunch. And I never even knew that crab apples were edible …

Urban Harvest is an informal group based in North London, holding regular foraging walks and foraging-themed meetings. For information about foraging, details of future events or to join the email list, visit www.urbanharvest.org.uk.

Green Minds at Mind in Haringey

Mind in Haringey have been running a gardening group at Station House on Stapleton Hall Road for the past two years. The purpose of the group is to improve the well-being of people living with mental ill-health by being out in the garden growing fruit and vegetables. 

It has proven to be a very successful group and many of the members feel that it has had a positive impact on their mental health through the social interaction, feeling of ownership and sense of belonging. Mind in Haringey has created an educational, sociable and fun environment which has reduced the feeling of isolation that many of the service users experience. 

One of the regular participants joined the group following severe bouts of depression and has stated that the gardening group has helped him cope with his mental illness. More recently, he has graduated from being a service user to becoming a volunteer and now assists with running the group and has been leading the planning process for the coming year’s project. 

“The gardening group has given me grounding and a reason to be. I have regained my confidence and self-esteem with Mind in Haringey’s help and could not hold them in higher regard”.

The group have transformed the land to the rear of Mind in Haringey to include a seating area where people can meet for coffee, have lunch and meet friends, creating a very sociable and welcoming environment. They have also created a sensory garden which is full of herbs and lavender which are regularly used by some of our therapy groups. Beyond this is a large area of working allotments which involved landscaping, planting of a variety of seasonal fruits and vegetables, herbs and flowers. The fruit and vegetables are dug up and used to provide a meal to the participants of the gardening group. 

The group is currently preparing the allotments for winter and have been planning on further developments to the garden. These include creating a natural meadow on the third tier of land which will include bird and bat boxes, bee hives and a pond. The group feels that this will maintain a natural balance with nature and attract wildlife into the area. 

The real success has come from providing the participants with a sense of achievement and ownership of something that they have helped to create. Our participants regularly express how much they enjoy attending the gardening group and how much better they have felt since being a part of it. To see a person’s confidence grow through a sense of achievement really clarifies the importance of the project. 

If you would like further information about Mind in Haringey and the other activities we provide or would like to support the work we do, you can visit our website at www.mindinharingey.org.uk, or our blog at www.mindinharingey.blogspot.com

CONFINED SPACES: Considering performance, madness and psychiatry

This was a day of contrasts – from the old fashioned retro medical model keynote speech from Kay Redfield Jamison (USA) to a one person installation come play come medical note that was Dylan Tighe (Antic imposition: Acting Mad(ness).

Madness and theatre are high on my list of preoccupations and I was chuffed to see a whole two day conference jointly organized by lecturers from Cambridge and Exeter Unis 

First up the famous KRJamison – who wrote The Unquiet Mind and grabbed a slice of public attention. As time has passed I have realized how faulty her thoughts on mental distress are – she has had severe bipolar disorder for a long time and ascribes to the lithium/ECT school of ‘treatment’ . Admittedly the fact that she has been suicidal and has been a counselor to the suicidal too may inform her affection for pharms, but her presentation stuck very closely to a very neuroscientific and non holistic script.

She is literary and artistic and speckled her talk with quotes from Robert Lowell

‘Where you’re going, Professor you won’t need your Dante’. (ie the nearest asylum). She also speckled it with words such as disease, biological, genetic, clinical, etc – setting out her stall as a pretty medical one. She talked of heredity (the gene has never been found, and intergenerational heredity – apart from new work on epigenetics – is unproven. She brushed over the fact that a lot of her literary and artistic subjects may have been syphilitic (van Gogh etc)  and was very keen to prove their  bloodlines were full of inherited madness.

She claimed that each psychotic episode would take a chink of the brain – hmmm what about the harm done by drugs to the brain? She glossed over any evidence that suicidal ideation may be increased by some drug treatments and was hugely keen on the  ‘illness of the brain’ model. 

Other presentations included a look at drama within old asylums, annual shows, etc – all seen by the presenter in a slightly distant and anthropological way.  And a dramaturg from the Young Vic production of the Changeling spoke of how they rendered Middleton/Rowley for the 21st c.  A woman from the US spoke of working within the Clubhouse system and running movement classes. They subverted (in a way) their drug regime by putting on a pageant wearing sashes marked Thorazine and Lithium…

Dylan Tighe a theatre practitioner in his 30s from Dublin presented a one man medley of his medical notes, his theatre reviews, a Youtube vid of his play and his next album. Brave and very affecting. 

Dylan Tighe

The best bits of any conference are the 0-60 conversations had in lobbies and on the way to meals. I bonded in seconds with a historian of the emotions (speciality: PTSD, flinching and mimicry) and a Professor of Medical Ethics with a love of theatre.  

The afternoon brought smaller group sessions – great work being done in York with performers with distress and those without and audience assumptions.  Two speech therapists working with children with a diagnosis of AHDD spoke of a drama intervention improving the kids’ lives, and a bunch of anthropologists explained how they had ‘become’ healthcare assistants on a ward with Alzheimer patients and created a drama. I was not so sure of the ethics of this – if the patients had not had Alzheimers and been able to express themselves more lucidly how would they feel?

Felt knackered at the end and slipped back home but it had been a fabulous mix of angles, thoughts, emphases and ideas for the future. I now hope to be part of a special interest group on healthcare and theatre.

As the conference organisers said:

‘As the old asylums are being demolished, left derelict, or transformed into flats, and the survivors of the system pass away, it is vital that we document this vanishing theatrical past and chart its development in the contemporary psychiatric landscape.’

Polly Mortimer

Poem of the Issue:

Dylan Thomas

Love in the Asylum

A stranger has come

To share my room in the house not right in the head,

A girl as mad as birds

Bolting the night of the door with her arm the plume.

Strait in the mazed bed

She deludes the heaven-proof house with entering clouds

Yet she deludes with walking the nightmarish room,

At large as the dead,

Or rides the imagined oceans of the male wards.

She has come possessed

Who admits the delusive light through the bouncing wall,

Possessed by the skies

She sleeps in the narrow trough yet she walks in the dust

Yet raves at her will

On the madhouse boards worn thin by my walking tears.

And taken by light in her arms at long and dear last

I may without fail

Suffer the first vision that set fire to the stars.

2 Notes from Marco Lanzarote

1) If you have ever been a smoker and wondered after you stopped how, or if, your lungs could return to normal function then the answer could be eat plenty of broccoli.

Researchers at John Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland have found that apart from helping to prevent cancer, broccoli may also have beneficial effects on the lungs.

The article in New Scientist (23.04.11) states that white blood cells called macrophages help clean the lungs and guard against infection.

The chemical pathway that performs this task is wiped out by smoking.

“Sulphoraphane, a plant chemical that is made by broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables- can restore this pathway.” So, give up smoking and eat plenty of broccoli.

2) A news article in Asylum magazine (autumn 2012) reports briefly on research published by the LSE on the millions of pounds wasted in the NHS “due to the lack of proper mental health treatment”, and suggests the appointment of a special cabinet minister to deal with the issue.

The article estimates that “of the 6.1 million people with treatable anxiety or depression in England, only 131000(or 2.1%) received talking therapy.

The coalition, whose Care Services Minister Paul Burstow is advising that £400 ,million is being invested “to make sure that talking therapies are available to all people of all ages who need them”

Mental ill health costs society £105 billion per year…I have always been clear that it should be treated as seriously as physical health problems. (Asylun News p11)

Hats Off! - Polly Mortimer

Hats off to the late Princess Alice, mother of Prince Philip. She managed to recover from harrowing war work in World War 1 on the front line, a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia, 2.5 yrs in an isolated German clinic, separation from her children and bravely she harboured an escaping Greek Jewish family in WW2 .

And more hats off to Patrick Stewart the actor who fronted an extraordinary episode of Who do you think you are? He had suffered extremely as a child and adult from witnessing extreme domestic violence meted out on his mother by his father, returned from WW2.  He pieced together his father’s war, spent at places where extreme events happened – such as Arnhem. 

image: primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk

He then visited Combat Stress, the brilliant charity for those who declare with war trauma ( PTSD ) - thousands more never reach CS. Finally he could start to understand, but never condone,  the rage and intolerable behavior of his father as rooted in his horrific experiences.

What we notice in the city 1 - Polly Mortimer

On a routine journey back from the south Bank one night I found myself comparing myself to Mayhew the great documenter and interviewer of 19 c Londoners. I sat mute, but with my eyes and ears the Friday night became more and more psychedelic. From girls spewing into binliners on the Embankment, I found myself next to a pinktrousered ne’er-do-well trying to interest mild Italian tourists in ‘going to Camden to score some weed’ – he was far from his ‘missus and baby’.

Then when I reunited with my bike I passed some stranger sights too – a man on a quad bike leering at schoolgirls at a busstop, a small woman scuttling into the bushes of  a dark park and finally out of a side turning came a young woman wearing nothing but a hoodie, bra and thong nonchalantly and undistressed crossing the road to her flats.

Paralympics - A Personal Experience - Dev Chatterjea

As everyone knows, the Paralympics was an major success, and the high achievement of the athletes and people involved in the event i.e. all staff and volunteers (games makers and ceremony volunteers) is well known. To stage an event in such epic proportions was a major task. As you probably have guessed I participated as a volunteer in the opening ceremony and as a Games Maker. To participate in such an event was a major and enjoyable moment. Before I start talking about my experience there is one point that should mention. All these athletes are the best in their fields. It would not be logical to assume that all people with various disabilities should be able to do such feats, and so should be judged by their own capabilities.

As a lead up to the games we had a series of training events. Some of the training would last 9 hours or more. This is especially for the ceremony where we had to train for eight or nine hours straight for four days in a row.  

All images: Dev Chatterjea

As a Games Maker an average day there would be two shifts in the morning, 6 am to 3.30pm and the evening shift would be from 4pm to 12pm each day.  I used to do the morning shift which meant leaving home at 4.45 am and reaching there by 6am, followed by a group meeting next to the Aquatics Centre at 6.30. During one of these meetings we would get to know what’s going on for the day and end with doing the hoke cokey and the Mexican wave including an annual wave to the CCTV cameras.  This may seem a strange thing to do but it was a way of getting us in the mood for the day.

There was one occasion where I was asked to work at the world square. This area was known as the rush hour zone and aptly named the “congestion zone”. This is where all outdoor entertainment would occur. A standard morning would start with us in our allocated areas ready to start, some lively music. At this point we would have to direct large crowds, well over 30 people, to their destinations. This “mad rush” as one staff member put it would occur many times a day. During this time you would get some strange questions such as: Can my daughter throw fairy dust on the athletes? Which way is the main stadium? When they were looking straight at it. On a sobering note a young family came up to me and said they dreamed they would one day see something like this and they liked what we were doing.

One day on the Main entrance at Stratford Gate which was where the mad rush would happen. Working at the gates would mean standing for long periods of time. One morning at the Stratford Gate we were as usual scanning tickets, a group of ecstatic people all wearing clothes with the Union Jack flags, including wigs came through. As normal we scanned their tickets. Towards the end a couple came in wearing the flag clothes but the other way round. The man who was wearing the dress danced in screaming I am Miss UK. You could imagine our reaction to seeing this!

A month before the Games Makers started work, we started the rehearsals for the opening ceremony. This was some feat because most of us had not performed on stage for years let alone on a global stage of more than a 2.5 billion people. The first two rehearsals started at a studio in west London were we got our accreditation, our roles in the ceremony and numbers. In my case I was a marshal. A marshal is one of a group of people who dance, guide and keep the athletes happy. On the face of it it seems very easy, but everything is done to the second and highly timed as well as lot of rehearsals.

I would find this out when the rehearsals moved to a large warehouse in Daganham, on the outskirts of London. The day would start at 11pm with several bendy busses taking over 900 performers to a rather remote warehouse. This is where the hole rehearsals was done to scale and timing. We were put to our paces such as entering the stadium in order, dancing on the spot and creating the shaad (the Paralympics flag). This was repeated over several times and each time faster. The day would end at 7pm and we would be sent to the stations by busses.  This type of rehearsal would continue through the weekend and on to Monday in rather warm summer weather. 

Around five days before the start of the opening ceremony our rehearsal moved to the stadium. It wasn’t until then that it occurred to myself and other performers how immense was the scale of what we were going to do. I remember walking on to the center of the stadium seeing all the props, the globe and the lighting men working on the set, and thinking to myself I am really doing this!

On the Sunday, which we called the test day, we had our dress rehearsals. This is where everyone involved in the show, from the performers, camera men, elections, flag bearers and us the marshals, came together to see how it would pan-out in full “show mode”. This is when we got our uniforms, those blue, yellow, orange coloured uniforms which was the same colour as the stage floor. Doing the full dress rehearsals made it more real.

On the day of the of the Opening Ceremony (or aptly named Show day) everyone came in a good six hours before the start. As we were getting ready and doing a quick rehearsal I could sense the excitement of  what was going to happen. There was also a mad rush to get our uniforms ready. 
Unfortunately the costume department had got all the marshals’ uniforms, but some were missing. Also, some were incredibly small and tight, and some were too big. 

Around about 7pm the audience started to enter the stadium area. From our vantage point we could see a gigantic heard of people coming in from Stratford Gate. Rather than panic, which is a commonly known reaction, there was a rather overwhelming feeling of excitement and electricity in our ready area. As the show time got closer each group were called out one by one, and each time we all got even more excited.

Finally our turn came. One of the staff called our groups’ name and the whole room burst into deafening scream with everyone including me screaming with excitement. Within seconds a staff member took us outside to the noisy  thumping music coming from the stadium. As we waited marshals at the front started shouting “this is it guys”. And we walked on stage. The rest is history.

Claralympics

Owing to many factors – one being that none of us are champion sportspeople and to the various reasons why that is – age,  ability, being hampered by various conditions and/or the drugs given for them, etc etc we decided to have our own Olympics in the park this summer.

official adjudicator 

The Claralympics took place on an afternoon of mixed weather -  in Priory Park, N8. Sadly Clare Balding was otherwise engaged but we managed to have a smashing picnic of artichoke tartlets, pistachios and fruit and started our games in earnest with no commentator but ourselves. For those who were happier seated on the ground we had ‘Throw the ball into the bag’ and ‘How many pistachios can you peel in 1 minute’. This last game was judged by our own personal Games Maker Lizzy (in uniform) who happened to be passing at the time and joined us.

Then we segued onto the more challenging part of the games – The Richard 3 Banana Race followed by Anarchist Rounders. Dev won the R3 race, and Anarchist Rounders is designed to have no winners. Based loosely on Monty Pythons Philosopher’s Football Match, there are no rules and everyone wins and loses.  Posts are marked by apple juice cartons.

There were no prizes but everyone had a laurel branch to put in their hair (like in Ancient Greece) and went home happy.

Vitamin D - Angela

I recently had a general health check done in my GP surgery. A blood test was done  and the result showed my vitamin D level to be too low. The surgery gave me a prescription to take  and said that I had to get a vitamin  D supplement over the counter.

I bought a supplement which was 1000 iu which is 500% RDA ( Recommended Daily Allowance ). I was taking it every morning after breakfast. Then I noticed that I kept feeling hungry,  so I cut it down to 2 times a week. I did not feel hungry anymore but I started to feel depressed with a capital ‘D’  in the mornings. The mornings was like a nightmare . My radio clock alarm would go off at 7 o’clock  ands then I would keep pressing the snooze button until 11’ clock. This happened every morning for 4 weeks.

image: www.123rf.com

I spoke to a nurse at St Ann’s Hospital and a centre officer at the Clarendon Day Centre and they both said what happened 4 weeks ago ? There was nothing I could think of, and then one day  I spoke to somebody in the church about it and then the penny dropped. It was the Vitamin D tablets. I spoke to my GP about it and she said it shouldn’t do that and told me not to take it for the next 3 to 4 weeks.

I was feeling very bad  so I had to book  an appointment with the Consultant  Psychiatrist.  He said that the vitamin D tablet has reacted with one of  the medications prescribed for mental health problems. So he gave me an increased dose of antidepressant to take if I feel I need it. While unwell I felt hungry and paranoid. For example  I was crossing a high road  and I got into my head that a car was going to crash into on purpose. I freaked out, ran straight  into a young man coming towards me and grabbed his hands which were on his chest. I even feel scared when I hear my washing machine going into spin.

This is a very unusual state of affairs. The GPs said it shouldn’t have happened to me so I have stopped taking them so don‘t worry !

This has happened to me personally. It does not mean you must stop taking vitamin D.

Edward & the Day Care Centre - Nigel Prestatyn

As the brother of Edward who is too severely ill to be productive or constructive, particularly so in a mental health day care centre setting, I’ve often wondered if he might still benefit on some level from being in a more lively setting with other similar individuals - a setting beyond the dour confines his care home, and the same few familiar faces that frequent it.

image: www.sodahead.com

Mental health centres of yesteryear throw up images of individuals lounging around in smoke-thick rooms doing little to simulate a productive, worthwhile existence. But this image is outdated. Today’s day care centres are places where individuals are expected to be productive and constructive; where they’re taught skills, provided with various types of training, helped to recover and ‘move on’, etc. And if they don’t meet this criteria? well they’re unlikely be allowed to attend.

From this transition from the old to new ways of running a mental health day care centre, individuals like Edward have been left out of the loop.

Clearly most day care centres do not have the necessary resources to accommodate the severely ill like Edward. But I’ve often wondered whether for one day of the week, at least special resources could be provided by day care centres which could accommodate such individuals. Where they could listen to music, have lunch, tea and coffee, watch films, have entertainment put on, etc. In fact be offered some semblance of broader interaction, connection, and quality of life. But then would this laying on of special resources, (to use council lingo), be cost effective? That’s  a question for the number crunchers.

Likely, for the time being at least, Edward’s daily life will be a little narrower in quality than I would like. I’m also acutely aware of the great care and attention he receives at his present home. Those who run it do a tremendous job with extremely limited resources. 

Perhaps Edward’s care home is a scaled-down version of a larger day care centre, with five members instead of fifty. Perhaps it does contain all of Edward needs. Perhaps I’m in no position to judge – And perhaps only Edward can know for sure what his needs are... and what they aren’t. But will he tell us...?

World Mental Health Day October 10 2012

MIzzling rain here at the Clarendon Day Centre on the rind of Wood Green - view: grey asphalt and a topheavy copper beech.
Here are some of the team's thoughts for WMD 2012:
 Marco: worried about budget cuts and bashing of the vulnerable by the Coalition.
Nigel: Where is the reality of personalisation?
Olive: wants to deinvent psychiatry, overthrow the medical model and replace it with a much more holistic approach involving formulation not 'diagnosis'. Much more care should be allocated to those in distress - really finding out about them and their lives in a 360 degree way, not just as a number. Lessen the 98% 'treatment' which is pharmaceutical.
Dev: be  careful to support  those in distress with much more sensitivity to their culture.
To be continued...

Edible Landscapes

Hidden away in the corner of a corner of Finsbury Park is a gardening project with a difference. On other community growing sites you might find neat rows of tomatoes, potatoes or leeks. At Edible Landscapes London Caucasian spinach scrambles up a tripod of knarled wood, walking onions brandish their crop in tight bunches in the air and sarsaparilla produces beautiful deep purple flowers which turn to feathery seed heads. 

What are these weird and wonderful plants for? Are they just for decoration? Do they need special looking after? Why not grow useful, traditional crops?

The answer is that not only are these plants beautiful and interesting, they are also (and these are the criteria for being grown in this garden) good to eat and easy to look after. And Edible Landscapes London’s (ELL’s) aim is to teach the wider community how to grow and eat them.

My interest in this kind of gardening began when I came across Plants for a Future, first published in the early nineties:  a fascinating catalogue of a vast range of different plants which I would have never dreamed could be eaten and the result of years of growing and research by its author, Ken Fern. So when I found out that there was a group raising some of the plants I had read about right on my doorstep, I was keen to go along and find out what they were up to. And to see in the flesh plants I had only read about before – like the marvellous walking onion!

On my first visit the pouring rain offered a good reason for an extended lunch, including, as afterwards I kept telling anyone who would listen, ‘the most amazing salad I’ve ever tasted’. Sedum, wild rocket, fennel, sorrel, marguerite leaves, and much more – all just picked from a plot overflowing with colour and taste.

On subsequent visits the rain held off a bit, but the amazing salads and shared lunches continued, around tending the garden. These plants may be good at looking after themselves, but there is still work to be done - especially as one of the ways ELL promotes robust and tasty plants is through its work as a community plant nursery, raising new plants and distributing them to local food-growing projects. After just a few visits I had helped with propagating sedum and fuchsia, spent an enjoyable half hour untangling bindweed from a small hazel tree, and painted up a sign explaining the uses of a hop plant (the young shoots can be steamed and eaten).  

Many of us have edible plants growing happily in our garden without our even being aware of it. Roses, sedum, fuchsia, lime trees, hollyhocks, campanula, nasturtiums: parts of all of these plants are edible (check which parts before you cont...

start eating them!).  All of this has much more than just amusement value. There is a growing recognition that producing our food locally is an important way of reducing our carbon emissions, as well as often being much healthier than buying tired, plastic-wrapped veg in the supermarket. Forest gardening, which ELL’s plants are ideal for, has a lot to offer, especially in the face of climate change. Not only is a forest garden more ecologically sustainable than a conventional vegetable patch, it is also more resilient in extreme weather conditions: trees protect the smaller plants from strong wind, and permanent root systems hold water and nutrients in the soil, protecting them from drought and flooding. This kind of gardening is also less work, with gardeners spared the repeated tasks of digging over soil, weeding, replanting and regrowing plants each year. 

If any of this catches your interest, there are several ways of finding out more. Edible Landscapes London has volunteer days on Mondays and Fridays from 10am to 3pm, and also runs courses on plant identification and tree grafting. Check their website for details: http://transitionfinsburypark.org.uk/NurseryBlog, which also has directions to the site in Finsbury Park. 

And if you want to find out more about forest gardening, you could start with Martin Crawford’s How to Grow Perennial Vegetables, with clear advice and plenty of colour photos. 

Review: Meg Kelly
Photo: Deanna Harrison

American madness

I will out myself before I write this review as someone very skeptical about a lot of aspects of psychiatry, especially those within the profession who claim to know all about the origins of mental distress and who fixate on diagnosis and the consequent pharmaceutical ‘treatment’. This is still very much the case in 21st century USA with the DSM wars, the hugely corrupt role that the pharmaceutical industry plays in the over medicalization of near normality, and the over diagnosis of children, young people, adults and the elderly inappropriately with various psychiatric disorders.

 The US psychiatric profession (or ‘alienists’ as they used to be called) has, in its short documented history,  thrown up probably more than its fair share of differing movements, terrible interventions, examples of neglect, ignorance, sidelining etc

This book, thicketty and academic, does bear persistence . It’s written in a not-exactly-jaunty style and does demand a large measure of commitment. The triumvirate at the heart of this odd piece of history are Adolf Meyer, Emil Kraepelin and Bleuler. 

Germany was feeding ideas through to the US at the turn of the 19th century. The whole idea of ‘disease’ was being challenged. For years illness was thought to be caused by a ‘disruption of natural balance’  - maybe a ‘miasma’  (fog, or filth), ‘imbalance of humors’, or heredity.  Occupation and personal habits were seen as causes of disease too (‘governess psychosis’, ‘milk fever’ etc). 

Then came the ‘specificity of disease’ theory – focusing on biological mechanisms. Neurologists reigned,  claiming professional jurisdiction over ‘functional ‘ nervous diseases such as ‘neurasthenia’ and ‘hysteria’ . Asylum doctors were the alienists. Asylums were overcrowded, apathy had descended and  the length of stay had drastically increased. Alcoholism, paresis (caused by syphilis) and depression and ‘dullness’ seemed to produce chronic patients. The popular thought then was heredity so psychotherapeutic efforts were limited. Medical students were untrained in psychiatry.

Heavy drugging with hypnotics and sedatives took place (plus sa change..) – bromides, chloroform. morphine, cannabis and hemlock among others.  Those in homeopathic hospitals had a much higher recovery rate and lower death rates.

The county asylums were filthy, cockroaches as well as infectious diseases such has typhoid and diphtheria were rife.

Fast forward:

This book tells the story of the sudden appearance of the diagnosis dementia praecox by 1912, when in 1895 there had been no cases. Then by 1927 it was fading away. Eventually it was replaced by schizophrenia. It is a dramatic story and Noll shows the codependency between a disease and the scientific status of the profession that treats it.  

Kraepelin named dementia praecox ‘corresponding with hebephrenia’. It marked a patient as incurable and transferred patients to asylums for the long haul. He equated each condition with ‘natural disease entities’. It also meant that psychiatry could reject ‘brain psychiatry’. He still believed in biological basis for mental diseases but he didn’t believe all causes were in the brain. Thus we weave through the many vicissitudes of diagnosis, conditions, explanations and conclusions. Meyer critiqued Kraepelin and so it went on. It pingpongs back and forth from a very ‘medical’ interpretation to a psychological one – nearer to  Freud and co who were airing ideas at the same time.

It’s a tough read but fascinating. Nothing really changes in the polarization of ‘cause’ and subsequent treatments. All through the 20c theories have swung from highly  medical to societal and stress-injured.  Time please for a swing towards the stress based model for origins.

Review: Polly Mortimer.

No Lone Zone at the Tate Modern

Sadly, by the time you read this it will be too late to visit No Lone Zone. The exhibition provided powerful glimpses of the work of three individual artists and one art collective, all from Latin America. I was lucky enough to catch it on its last day at London’s Tate Modern, though it was then on display at the Sala de Arte Pública Siqueiros in Mexico City until 15th July. 

A ‘no lone zone’ is an area too sensitive or unstable for any one person to be present there. It’s a military term that may also be applied to laboratories, banks, casinos, or any highly vulnerable or risky environment. Stepping into this particular sensitive environment – “accompanied” by the gallery attendant in the next room – I was immediately captivated by David Zink Yi’s video installation, Huayno and fugue behind. I found myself looking out onto the bustle of a market place: a fast food stall, market-goers making their way through the crowd, traders touting their wares. But this view was particular in two ways. Firstly, my window onto the market was crossed by vertical, multicoloured ‘bars’ – the strings of a harp-like instrument, whose player’s hands moved constantly in the foreground, plucking the strings until the last few seconds of the clip. Secondly, as the harpist played, he, his instrument and the camera slowly turned, allowing a gradual 360° view of the surrounding scene. Presumably by chance, the CCTV camera looking down on me from above the projected video added an extra dimension: I was being filmed as I watched the faces of those filmed as they watched the harpist in Huayno. 

The harpist’s music was as enthralling as the market bustle surrounding him: a cheerful, delicate tune. It was hard not to hum along, though I stopped short as I read that the stately flag hanging just beside me had been stained that distinctive reddish colour with ‘blood and other fluids’ from execution sites in Mexico. This piece is the work of Teresa Margolles, who continued the juxtaposition of the alluring and the horrifying later in the exhibition. Her Score Settling series consists of items of expensive jewellery in brightly-lit display cases. They turn out to have had their jewels removed and replaced with fragments of glass from the windscreens of those killed in drug-related shootings. 

In the room between Margolles’ bloodied flag and broken glass jewels, a giant squid sprawled, collapsed on the gallery floor in a pool of blue-black ink. 

The focus of the exhibition was on violence and politics in Latin America, but I found myself wondering how the ideas it touched on might relate to experiences closer to home. Could it be that each of us has our own potential ‘no lone zones’ – experiences or memories too powerful and intense for us to bear on our own? That if we find ourselves with no way of articulating these experiences to others we may, in distress and confusion, end up expressing ourselves in ways that are labelled psychotic or neurotic or abnormal or crazy? And if this were the case, for recovery to be possible might it be necessary for others to be open to listening to what we have to say, for us to discover new ways of speaking and being with ourselves and with each other? In other words, could some distress be the result of our having had to venture alone into dangerous ‘no lone zones’? 

Reviewed by Meg Kelly

The Dignity Challenge: A new initiative in Haringey

Cards are now available with ten vital points:

High quality services that respect people’s dignity should:

1  Have zero tolerance of all forms of abuse

2  Support people with the same respect you would want for yourself or a member of your family

3  Treat each person as an individual by offering a personalised service

4  Enable people to maintain the maximum possible level of independence, choice and control

5  Listen and support people to express their needs and wants

6  Respect people’s right to privacy

7  Ensure people feel able to complain without fear of retribution

8  Engage with family members and carers as care partners

9  Assist people to maintain confidence and a positive self esteem

10  Act to alleviate people’s loneliness and isolation